Evaluating the Impact of Quantum Computing on Cryptographic Security in Modern Information Systems

1. Introduction 2. Background and Context 2.1 Overview of Cryptographic Security 2.2 Basics of Quantum Computing 2.3 Historical Cryptographic Threats 3. Cryptography Fundamentals 3.1 Symmetric Key Cryptography 3.2 Asymmetric Key Cryptography 3.3 Hash Functions 4. Quantum Computing Overview 4.1 Quantum Bit (Qubit) 4.2 Quantum Gates and Circuits 4.3 Quantum Algorithms 5. Quantum Computing Threats to Cryptography 5.1 Shor's Algorithm and Factorization 5.2 Grover's Algorithm and Search Problems 5.3 Implications for Public Key Cryptography 6. Current Cryptographic Vulnerabilities 6.1 Vulnerable Protocols and Systems 6.2 Case Studies of Quantum Threats 6.3 Analysis of Cryptographic Algorithms 7. Post-Quantum Cryptography 7.1 Definition and Principles 7.2 Leading Algorithms and Protocols 7.3 Implementation Challenges 8. Future Directions and Implications 8.1 Evolving Cryptographic Standards 8.2 Potential Quantum-Resistant Solutions 8.3 Policy and Regulatory Considerations