Investigating the Role of the Gut-Brain Axis in Neurodegenerative Disease Progression and Treatment

1. Introduction 1.1 Background and Significance 1.2 Objectives of the Study 1.3 Structure of the Thesis 2. Gut-Brain Axis: An Overview 2.1 Definition and Components 2.2 Mechanisms of Interaction 2.3 Historical Context and Discovery 3. Neurodegenerative Diseases Overview 3.1 Classification and Characteristics 3.2 Common Types and Prevalence 3.3 Pathophysiology of Neurodegeneration 4. Role of Gut Microbiota in Brain Function 4.1 Microbiota and Metabolites 4.2 Influence on Neurotransmitter Systems 4.3 Impact on Cognitive Function 5. Gut-Brain Axis in Disease Progression 5.1 Alzheimer's Disease Mechanisms 5.2 Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms 5.3 Other Neurodegenerative Conditions 6. Therapeutic Potential of Modulating the Axis 6.1 Prebiotics and Probiotics 6.2 Dietary Interventions and Effects 6.3 Pharmacological Approaches 7. Challenges and Future Directions 7.1 Current Research Limitations 7.2 Innovative Research Techniques 7.3 Future Research Goals 8. Conclusion 8.1 Summary of Findings 8.2 Implications for Treatment 8.3 Final Thoughts and Recommendations