Mathematical Modeling of Climate Change Impact on Marine Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services

1. Introduction 1.1 Background and Motivation 1.2 Objective of the Study 1.3 Methodological Approach 1.4 Structure of the Thesis 2. Climate Change and Marine Biodiversity 2.1 Overview of Climate Change 2.2 Impact on Marine Species 2.3 Changes in Species Distribution 2.4 Threatened Marine Ecosystems 3. Ecosystem Services in Marine Environments 3.1 Definition and Importance 3.2 Provisioning Services 3.3 Regulating Services 3.4 Cultural Services 4. Mathematical Modeling in Ecology 4.1 Introduction to Ecological Modeling 4.2 Types of Mathematical Models 4.3 Advantages and Limitations 4.4 Modeling Software and Tools 5. Model Development Process 5.1 Selection of Variables and Parameters 5.2 Data Collection and Sources 5.3 Model Construction Steps 5.4 Validation and Testing 6. Case Studies of Marine Ecosystems 6.1 Coral Reefs 6.2 Open Ocean Environments 6.3 Coastal and Estuarine Systems 6.4 Polar Marine Ecosystems 7. Results and Discussions 7.1 Model Findings and Interpretations 7.2 Implications for Biodiversity Conservation 7.3 Policy and Management Recommendations 7.4 Limitations and Future Research 8. Conclusion 8.1 Summary of Key Findings 8.2 Contributions to Marine Science 8.3 Final Thoughts and Perspectives