Examining the Impact of Modern Diets on Gut Microbiota Diversity and Human Health

1. Introduction 1.1 Background and Rationale 1.2 Research Objectives 1.3 Structure of the Thesis 2. Gut Microbiota Overview 2.1 Definition and Composition 2.2 Functions in Human Health 2.3 Factors Influencing Gut Microbiota 3. Modern Diets Characterization 3.1 Description and Common Types 3.2 Nutritional Composition 3.3 Popularity and Demographics 4. Relationship Between Diet and Microbiota 4.1 Mechanisms of Interaction 4.2 Short-term Effects of Diet Change 4.3 Long-term Microbiota Adaptations 5. Impact on Microbiota Diversity 5.1 Measuring Diversity Metrics 5.2 Evidence from Recent Studies 5.3 Factors Affecting Diversity 6. Health Effects of Microbiota Changes 6.1 Role in Metabolic Disorders 6.2 Influence on Immune System 6.3 Mental Health Considerations 7. Case Studies and Clinical Trials 7.1 Significant Case Reports 7.2 Recent Clinical Trials 7.3 Implications for Public Health 8. Conclusions and Recommendations 8.1 Summary of Findings 8.2 Practical Recommendations 8.3 Future Research Directions